- 作者: 雷萬清
- 作者服務機構: 國立臺灣大學
- 中文摘要: 臺灣位於颱風移動的路徑上,年年都有因颱風暴雨引起的洪水災害,故洪水預報的研究是頓要的。洪水預報方法有:雨量—流量關係,洪流定跡,單位歷線法和類比電子計算機等。本文是利用水文平行系統來探討雨量與洪水流量的關係,以作洪水預報的依據。 利用線性水庫概念,解微分方程得瞬時單位歷線數學模式如下: ·······························································(20)當過度雨量(Exeess Rainfall)為已知,該式可用來計算表面逕流。 利用地水理論得下式 ·······························································(32)由上式可得基流量。 洪水流量是表面逕流和基流量相加,故稱為水文平行系統(示如表一)。有了洪水流量便可作洪峰時間及洪水位的預報。
- 英文摘要: Taiwan 15 located on the Path of typhoon movement. Advance warning of anapproaching flood,as flood forecasting, is necessary.Flood forecasting methods arerainfall-runoff relation,flood routing,unit-graph and analog computer.A hydrologicalParallel System 15 used here to relate the relationship of flood discharge and stormrainfall. An instantaneous unitgraph mathematical model 15 derived from linear conceptualreservoirs,as following ···············································……(20)when excess rainfalls are known,a surface runoff would be calculated by using thederived formula. A base flow discharge would be calculated from the following formula ·············································……(32) A flood discharge 15 the summation of surface runoff and base flow.This 15 50called hydrological Parallel system.Then the time of Peak flood discharge and stageof flood could be forecasted.
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