- 作者: Dimitry A Chistiakov
- 作者服務機構: Department of Molecular Diagnostics, National Research Center GosNIIgenetika, Moscow, Russia
- 中文摘要: --
- 英文摘要:
Rapid repair of the denuded alveolar surface after injury is a key to survival. The respiratory tract
contains several sources of endogenous adult stem cells residing within the basal layer of the
upper airways, within or near pulmonary neuroendocrine cell rests, at the bronchoalveolar
junction, and within the alveolar epithelial surface, which contribute to the repair of the airway
wall. Bone marrow-derived adult mesenchymal stem cells circulating in blood are also involved
in tracheal regeneration. However, an organism is frequently incapable of repairing serious
damage and defects of the respiratory tract resulting from acute trauma, lung cancers, and
chronic pulmonary and airway diseases. Therefore, replacement of the tracheal tissue should be
urgently considered. The shortage of donor trachea remains a major obstacle in tracheal
transplantation. However, implementation of tissue engineering and stem cell therapy-based
approaches helps to successfully solve this problem. To date, huge progress has been achieved in
tracheal bioengineering. Several sources of stem cells have been used for transplantation and
airway reconstitution in animal models with experimentally induced tracheal defects. Most
tracheal tissue engineering approaches use biodegradable three-dimensional scaffolds, which are
important for neotracheal formation by promoting cell attachment, cell redifferentiation, and
production of the extracellular matrix. The advances in tracheal bioengineering recently resulted
in successful transplantation of the world’s first bioengineered trachea. Current trends in tracheal
transplantation include the use of autologous cells, development of bioactive cell-free scaffolds
capable of supporting activation and differentiation of host stem cells on the site of injury, with a
future perspective of using human native sites as micro-niche for potentiation of the human
body’s site-specific response by sequential adding, boosting, permissive, and recruitment
impulses. - 中文關鍵字: --
- 英文關鍵字: --