• 作者： Chung, Shyan-Lung; Tsang, Sheung-Man
• 中文摘要： 本論文探討聚苯乙烯燃燒時碳粒生成之控制。聚苯乙烯使用Wolfhard-Parker式燃燒器燃燒以產生一穩定二維空間變化之火焰以利研究之進行。吾人探討聚苯乙烯燃燒之特性,操作條件對碳粒生成之影響以及數種金屬添加物,對抑制碳粒生成之效率。研究發現改變氧化氣流之流量,無法有效抑制碳粒之生成; 增加氧氣濃度,則會促進碳粒之生成,然而,若添加少量空氣於火焰之裂解區,則能大量地減少碳粒之生成,吾人認為這是因為加入之空氣一方面增快了燃燒反應之速率,一方面卻減慢了聚苯乙烯裂解之速率。吾人因而認為,在實際之燃燒情況下,經由促進空氣與聚苯乙烯裂解物之混合可達有效抑制碳粒生成之目的。本研究採討之金屬添加物有Na,K,Ca之鹽類。這些鹽中,Ca鹽對抑制碳粒生成之效率最差,Na與K鹽之效率相近,Ba鹽之效率最為顯著,且其效率隨添加量之增加而顯著地增大。
• 英文摘要： This paper describes an experimental study on the control of soot formation during the combustion of polystyrene (PS). A stable, two dimensional flame generated by using a Wolfhard-Parker type diffusion flame burner was used to simulate practical combustion situations. The combustion characteristics, effects of operating conditions on soot formation, and the effectiveness of various metallic additives as soot suppressants were investigated. It was found that soot yield could not be significantly reduced by controlling the oxidizer (air) flow rate. Increasing the O/sub 2/ mole fraction of the oxidizer increased soot yield under typical operating conditions. However, soot yield could be greatly reduced by adding small amounts of air into the pyrolysis zone of the flame. This effect was explained by that the additional air significantly increased the combustion reaction rate while decreasing slightly the PS pyrolysis rate. It was thus suggested that effective soot control could be achieved by improving the mixing between air and the PS pyrolysis products in practical combustion situations. The metallic additives tested in this study were the salts of Na, K, Ca, and Ba . Among these salts, Ca was the least effective in reducing soot, and K and Na were nearly equally effective. Ba was much more effective than all the others, and its effectiveness could be greatly enhanced by increasing its addition rate.
• 中文關鍵字： 煙灰形成; 高分子材料燃燒; 控制; 聚苯乙烯
• 英文關鍵字： Soot Formation; Combustion Of Polymeric Materials; Confrol; Polystyrene (Ps)