• 作者： 顏吉甫
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學農藝學系
• 中文摘要： 本試驗選配秈、梗稻不同穀粒脫粒性程度 30 個品種參試，藉此探討穀粒之脫粒張力與其離
  層組織特徵的關係。同時，利用白米粉品種與其突變種（缺乏離層組織）行雜交工作，期以明瞭
  其脫粒性遺傳行為。其結果如下：
  1. 依離層組織縱剖面觀察結果，秈稻大部份品種較?稻品種之離層組織發達，離層細胞分
  布範圍較廣。離層細胞壁木質化，且較鄰近細胞為小，形狀不規則，並作緊密排列而形成離層
  。又雜種（白米粉×白米粉M）離層組織厚度較原親為小，其著生形態則保留原親特
  徵“
  2. 在第二期作下，秈、?稻品種穀粒之脫粒張力，一般較第一期作下的結果顯示減弱趨勢
  ，且部份品種均呈顯著結果。
  3. 從白米粉品種與其突變種雜交後之穀粒脫粒性遺傳行為的結果看之，易脫粒性對不脫粒
  性呈部份顯性作用。同時，其狹義遺傳率為，達統計顯著水準。
  4. 依遣傳基因效應分析結果顯示，該雜交組合之遺傳具有累加性基因效應，顯性效應及上
  位性效應。
• 英文摘要： This experiment was made on the explora-tion of the relationship between the grain shed-ding tensile force and the form of abscissionlayer, and inheritance of grain shattering.Materials were included 30 cultural varietiesand one combination crossing with pai-mi-fenand its mutant. Results were as follows: 1. According to anatomical observation,there was a significant difference between indicaand japonica varieties of the characteristic ofabscission layer which were found broadingdistribution in most of indica varieties. Theabscission cells, which wall are lignified, aresmaller than the adjacent cells, irregular inarrangement. The thickness of abscission layershape and closer in of hybrid was crossedwith Pai-mi-fen and its mutant (absenceabscission layer) which were relatively narrowto their parental line . But the morphologicaldevelopment characteristic of abscission layerappeared as to its parent. 2. The data identically indicated the grainshedding tensile force to be descrease for thesecond growth period in japonica and indicavarieties. And, it's appeared a significant differ-ence with statistically in most varieties of both. 3. The data indicated a partical dominanceeffect of shedding to non-shedding. The herit-ability in narrow sense of shedding is 0.4863,and with a significant difference in crossbetween pai-mi-fen and its mutant. 4. To separate epistasis effects from addi-tive and dominance effects, it was found thatboth the additive gene and dominance geneeffects and the effect of epistasis were present inthe inheritance of grain shattering in this study.
• 中文關鍵字： --
• 英文關鍵字： --