• 作者： 余秀麗、譚克平
• 作者服務機構： 國立台灣師範大學科學教育研究所
• 中文摘要： 國三學生雖然已學過基礎的力學課程，並持有部分力的初始概念。由於他們尚未正式學習過重力概念的課程，但這並不妨礙他們所持有重力初始概念的認知，然而力與重力的初始概念卻可能會影響未來高中階段的學習效果。本研究是藉由調查和晤談的方式，以實證性研究探究國中三年級學生對於重力概念的初始認知情況。研究目的為國三學生對於物體發生「力」作用時，物體是否需要接觸或是需要介質傳遞的概念會不會影響其詮釋重力的現象。同時瞭解學生在學習「力」概念時，對於「力與接觸作用」及「力與介質傳遞」學習成就的優劣與他們能否正確的詮釋重力現象是否相關。本研究對象為台北縣市七所公立國中總計337位國三學生，晤談對象是取其中15位學生，並以量化及質性研究的方式分別進行資料分析。研究結果發現多數學生對於重力現象持有不同的初始概念，他們依據自己日常生活經驗和直覺做為詮釋力與重力現象的認知架構。同時亦發現，對於「力與接觸作用」及「力與介質傳遞」概念學得較好的學生也較具有正確的重力概念。為銜接高中階段的課程，及減少學生在重力概念課程中產生學習上的困難，高國中的科學教師在實施「力」概念的教學活動時，應加強「力與接觸作用」及「力與介質傳遞」的相關概念。
• 英文摘要： Although the ninth graders in Taiwan have only studied a few elementary concepts about force in their eighth grade, they do have several preconceptions about the concept of force at large. Furthermore, even though the concept of gravity will not be formally taught until in senior high, this does not prevent students from having some preconceptions about gravity while they are still in junior high schools. Some of these preconceptions may even impede their future learning of the concept in high school. The purpose of this study is to explore via both survey and interviews what preconceptions ninth graders may have concerning action-at-a-distance, whether force requires a medium as well as the phenomenon of gravity in general. Furthermore, this study attempts to find out for students who have not formally studied gravity, if better understanding of the concepts of action-at-a-distance and of whether force requires a medium would be related to better performance in interpreting gravitational phenomena. The sample consisted of 337 students from seven public junior highs located in Taipei City and Taipei County. Among them, fifteen students were chosen for follow-up interviews. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques were used to analyze the data. It was found that many students held various preconceptions about gravity. Many of them relied on their daily experiences and intuition as their interpretive framework for phenomena related to force and gravity. In addition, it was found that students with better understanding of the concepts of action-at-a-distance and of whether force requires a medium did demonstrate better under-standing about the concept of gravity. The educational implication is that junior high physics curricula should put stronger emphasis on such foundational concepts as action-at-a-distance and whether force requires a medium so as to ease the difficulty in studying gravity in senior high schools.
• 中文關鍵字： 另有概念、初始概念、重力、迷思概念、超距力
• 英文關鍵字： Alternative Conception, Preconception, Gravity, Misconception, Action-at-Distance