• 作者： 菜瑜
• 作者服務機構： 國立台灣大學中國文學系
• 中文摘要： 「任真」一辭是歷來詩評家為陶淵明塑造的基本形象。任真不僅代表陶淵明的人格特質，同時，也因為任真是一自我追尋並實踐的歷程，呈現在生活中的是返璞歸真的單純，反映在詩文中的便是自然平淡，因此，欲了解陶淵明如何開古淡之宗，並展現出外枯中膏、似淡實美的風格，都必須對此一內在特質做一番整體探究。 本文分成四個主要部份，其一：論何謂任真，一方面界定「真」的涵義，另一方面說明做為生存原則的任真應該包涵的面向。其二：論真與偽，旨在說明任真始於一「去偽遠俗」的自我覺知，此自我覺知源於真誠地面對內在的「不安」之感，而努力解決自我意識分歧的狀況。本節以陶淵明仕隱的抉擇及對儒家文化的省思為例，說明此一自我覺知與整合的過程。其三，論躬耕與養真，旨在說明自我覺知後仍須透過存養功夫方能保真，而躬耕是陶淵明辭官後解決生計並堅持保真的唯一選擇。藉著對其躬耕生活的全面探討，分析躬耕所以能養真的原因。其四，論任真與隨化，乃透過陶淵明「隨化」的生死觀說明此一人生智慧是其所以能納窮達、成毀、名利、富貴於一真實的人生觀照中，以識運知命的態度坦然以對，而達到縱心的任真自得之境。
• 英文摘要： The prominent poet Tao Yuan-ming（陶淵明，365-427) has been acclaimed by scholars andcritics as having embodied the quintessence of“unbridling sincerity”（任真）. He gained thisreputation not only through his vigorous personal pursuit of a fulfilled life, but also by creatinga body of poetic work that initiates the aesthetic tradition of simplicity and naturalness. Thispaper presents my analysis of Tao's search for“unbridling sincerity”－a kind of truthfulnessthat consists in facing, and results in releasing, an individual's true self. First, I define theconcept and show how it can be put into practice as a living principle. Second, I elaboratethe relationship between sincerity and hypocrisy by showing how Tao in search for“unbridlingsincerit”attempted to“remove hypocrisy and flee vulgarity”（去偽遠俗）in his life, and howhis self-awakening arose from his personal confrontation of existential anxieties－for example,through the hard choice he had to make between retirement and continued service, and throughhis reflections on Confucianism. In the third section I discuss how Tao tried to cultivate anauthentic self by taking on a peasant lifestyle following his retirement from public life. Farmingbecame the only way in which he could both made a living and keep his integrity. Finally, Iaddress the relationship between“unbridling sincerity”and“casual mutability”（隨化）－arelationship which encompasses the poet's Taoist-based thoughts on death－in order to demon-strate how the wisdom of sincerity contributed to his attitudes toward life and to his eventualspiritual liberation.
• 中文關鍵字： 任真; 真; 偽; 躬耕; 養真; 真性本心; 隨化
• 英文關鍵字： --