• 作者： 孫守恭
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學
• 中文摘要： 自民國四十八年梨山地區種植蘋果及梨以來，均於冬季果樹休眠期噴射石灰硫黃合劑加五氯酚鈉一至三次，以防治蘋果黑星病（Venturia lnaequalis)及梨黑星病（Venturia pirina)。歷十年來之觀察，此種休眠期加強防治之措施似無效果。特於六十四年在梨山福壽農場舉行休眠期施用石灰硫黃合劑與不施用此劑比較試驗，結果證明對於蘋果黑星病及梨黑星病之防治，石灰硫黃合劑施用與否，差異不顯著。理想而經濟之防治方法應自萌芽前一週開始噴射大富丹精（五百倍），或多寧（二千倍），或萬力（二千倍），或多保淨M（一千倍），花落三分之二時再噴一次，以後每隔十日一次，至八月止。如遇連綿陰雨，應增加噴藥次數，尤以四、五月最為重要。如此即可獲得良好之防治效果。
• 英文摘要： Apple acab (Venturia inaequalis) and pearscab (Venturia pirina) have been known as themost serious diseases in Lishan area since theintroduction of these deciduous fruit trees inthat area by 1959. In 1967 and 1974, the authorrecommended Difolatan W. P. (1-800) for pearscab control and Dodine (1-2,000), Benlate (1-2,000), and Difolatan（1-800) for apple scab con-trol based on control experiments in that area. In that particular area, growers includingfarm managers have accustomed to use limesulfur plus sodium salt of pent achlorophenol onpear and apple trees 1 to 3 applicalions duringdormant season in order to give good control ofscab diseases. For ten years, the author ob-served that this dormant lime sulfur sprayinggave no control of scab diseases if subsepuentsprays were not properly arranged during growingseason. On the other hand, some farmers didnot use lime sulfur during dormant season, yetthey got satisfactory control of scab diseases ifthey sprayed fungicides properly during growingseason. The author always questions himself: Islime sulfur application necessary in dormantseason in Lishan area? Experiment which con-sisted of two blocks, one with lime sulfur indormant season and one with no lime sulfur, wascarried out at Fu-Shou-Shan Farm in 1975 inorder to prove the effectiveness of lime sulfurin dormant season. From green tip stage to therest of growing period, all trees in both blockswere treated with the same fungicides, eitherDodine (1-1,000) alone or Dodine (1-2,000), TopsinM(1-2.000), and Difolatan (1-800) alternately at10-days intervals. Disease rating on foliage scabwas made at the end of the experiment. Results(Tables 1, 2, 3, 4) showed that there was nosignificant difference between lime sulfur plotsand no lime sulfur plots. It is, therefore,concluded that lime sulfur is not necessary tobe used in dormant season. Satisfactory controlcan be obtained by using either Dodine alone,or using Dodine, Benlate, Topsin M, and Di-folatan alternately beginning from green tipstage to August with 10-days or weekly intervals according to weather conditions.
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