• 作者： 黃光國
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學心理學系
• 中文摘要： 本文旨在討論：作者在從事臺灣都市社區中生活壓力的實徵性?究時，所發現的應付人際衝突的三種心理動力?程。以 「面對現實」的主動應變方式來處理人際衝突者，傾向於把造成人際衝突的責任同時歸咎於自己以及別人；以強調「靠自己」及「獨斷獨行」等自我肯定方式來應付衝突情境者，傾向於祗責怪別人。這兩種主動的應變?程都有心因性疾病的病徵類型 與之同時發生。相反的，以「忍耐」的被動應變方式來應付衝突情境者，有責怪他人的傾向，同時並會經驗到認知功能的困擾及衰退、和從人際交往的情境中退縮等心理病癥。最後，本文並以此一研究的發現?基礎，發展出一套應付人際衝突的理論模式。
• 英文摘要： This paper presents three dynamic processes of coping with interpersonal conflicts that were revealed in an empirical research conducted in a Formosan urban community. Persons who deal with interpersonal conflicts with the active mechanism of facing reality (mien tui hsien-shih) tend to attribute the responsibility for introducing conflicts to themselves as well as to others. Those who cope with the conflict situation with the mechanism of self-assertion (kau tzu-chi and tu-tuan tu hsing) tend to blame others only. Both of these two active coping processes are accompanied by the psychopathological symptom pattern of psychosomatic disorders. On the contrary, coping with the conflict situation with the passive mechanism of perseverance (jen-nai) is associated with a tendency of blaming others and such psychopathological symptoms as disturbance and retardation in cognitive functionings, and withdrawal from interpersonal situations. A general model of coping with interpersonal conflicts was developed on the basis of present findings.
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