• 作者： 林玉郎
• 作者服務機構： 美國北卡羅來納州立大學海洋﹑地球與大氣科學系
• 中文摘要： 在本文裡，我們將綜覽低層及離地熱源引發的穩定成層氣流之中尺度環流的動力基礎。連續成層氣流對固定熱源
  的反應之數學問題，有些已被解過，這些解對了解一些中尺度現象有所助益。在文內，我們將討論較為廣泛的中尺度
  問題，討論的重點將集中在基本動力上。
  在第一部份裡，我們將?述穩定成層無風切氣流對固定熱源的反應及數學解。一些相關的控制方程、能量方程、
  動量傳播、頻散關係及波的特性也會被討論到。有關氣流對中小尺度熱源的穩定態及非穩定態之數學解將被詳細?
  述。然後這些解將被應用到熱島、地形雨、濕對流及沿逆溫層傳播之重力波等問題上。
• 英文摘要： The dynamics of mesoscale circulations of a stably stratified flow forced by both low-level andelevated heat sources or sinks is reviewed. The mathematical problems of prescribed diabatic heating ina continuously stratified flow have been solved by several authors and have been shown to be useful inunderstanding the dynamics of various mesoscale phenomena which commonly occur in the terrestrialatmosphere. In this paper, we review a relatively wider variety of problems and emphasize more the basicdynamics. In part I, we discuss the responses of a stably stratified uniform flow to a prescribed thermalforcing. The governing equations, energy equation, momentum transport, dispersion relation, and variouswave regimes and properties are discussed. Mathematical methods for solving both steady and transientflows over a meso-γ scale heat source are presented. The applications of the mathematical solutions toproblems of heat island, orographic rain, moist convection, and gravity waves traveling on inversions arealso discussed
• 中文關鍵字： mesoscale circulation; diabatic heating; meso-* scale; pulse heating; steady heating;heat island; orograpfic rain; moist convection; gravity waves
• 英文關鍵字： --