• 作者： 范晉嘉; 李洪潮
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學食品科學研究所
• 中文摘要： 本試驗係採用 Trichoderma koningii W－10 菌株從事固體培養以生產纖維素分解酵素，所用基質分別為竹筍殼及稻殼。此兩種纖維質廢棄物之成分業經分析。於使用之前，二者皆採用4% NaOH 溶液，於室溫下前處理24小時後作為培養基之成分及供作糖化之基質。 採用 4g 稻殼，6g麩皮及加入10 ml 0.6% 溶液，於30°C之下培養4天，可約獲得每g 16FPu 及15 Sau之纖誰素分解酵素；而採用6g竹筍殼、4g麩皮及加入 10m 10.9%溶液，於30°C之下培養3天，則可獲得約每g 12.5 FPu及12 Sau之纖維素分解酵素。其它酵素活性包括活性亦分別測定之。 此酵素之FPA及β-glucosidase 活性之最適反應溫度及 pH 皆為 55°C 及 4.0。二者之較佳溫度安定性範圍皆低於 50°C。FPA之pH安定性範圍由48至6.0，β-glucosidase 活性之pH安定性範圍則由3.0 至6.0。所抽取之粗酵素液於10°C之下保存兩個月，其FPA尚存有91%以上。 使用粗酵素液以從事糖化試驗時，發現以每 ml 含1.5FPu及1.35Sau 之粗酵素液於 50°C及pH4.0之下進行糖化，其糖化反應液中分別含有20%稻殼或18%竹筍殼，則於第48小時可獲得3%還原糖之稻殼水解液或6%還原糖之竹筍殼水解液。以濾紙色層分析法檢定水解液中之糖類成分時，發現二者均含有葡萄糖、木精及少量阿刺伯糖。然而，於竹筍殼水解液中發現一未明色點，可能為五碳寡醣。
• 英文摘要： A cellulolytic fungus, Trichoderma koningiiW-10, has been used in the present study toproduce cellulase from two agricultural wastes,bamboo-shoot husk and rice hull, by solid-culture method. The chemical composition ofthe two wastes was analyzed. The twowastes after being pretreated with 4% NaOHsolution at room temperature for 24 hr hadbeen used as substrates for the growth of thefungus and for the study of saccharification. A medium containing 4 g pretreated ricehull, 6 gwheat bran and 10 ml 0.6% solution after 4 days’incubation at 30°C couldproduce 16 FPu and 15 Sau per g of substrateused. It was also found that a medium con－taihing 6 g pretreated bamboo-shoot husk,4 g wheat bran and 10 ml 0.9%solution after 3 days’incubation at 30°C couldproduce 12.5 FPu and 12 Sau per g of subs-trate used. The other ebzyme activitiesincluding and were also measuredduring growth periods. The optimal reaction temperature for FPAand β-glucosidase activity was found at 55°Cand the optimal pH, both at 4.0. Bothenzyme aetivities were more stable whenstored below 50°C. The ranges of pH stabilitywere found from 3.0 to 6.0 for β-glucosidaseand from 4.8 to 6.0 for FPA. After twomonths’storage of the crude enzyme at 10°C,over 91% activities were remained as measuredby its FPA. It was observed that 6% reducing sugarwere resulted from a reaction mixture con-taining 18% pretreated bamboo-shoot huskwith 1.5 FPu and 1.35 Sau per ml of crudeenzyme solution under 50°C and pH 4.0 for48 hr or 3% reducing sugar could be producedin a reaction mixture containing 20% pre-treated rice hull with the same crude enzymesoution and reaction conditions. The endproducts found in the hydrolyzate of the twowastes were glucose, xylose and small amountsof arabinose as identified by paper chromato-graphy. However, an unknown spot, possiblythe pento-oligosaccharide, was found on thepaper chromatogram came from the hyd-rolyzate of bamboo-shoot husk.
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