• 作者： 杜詩綿; 謝地; 徐茂銘; 林宗洲
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學醫學院耳鼻喉科
• 中文摘要： 鼻咽癌早期診斷之困難，在於局部之不易直接觀察，以及活體切片之難以取到正確部位。自從購入軟式鼻咽鏡以後，對於鼻咽部之觀察可以很容易地實施。對於早期之微小腫瘤也可容易檢查出，並可照相記錄，以供病人之治療、病情之研究及學生教學等等之用途。 在細胞學診斷方面，由於使用鼻咽刷子可以容易地取得鼻咽部之癌細胞，以供診斷之參考。細胞學診斷與活體切片比較，其正確率達82.1％。如果作兩次細胞學診斷，其正確率可達92.2％。而且由於細胞學診斷之實施容易，病人不痛、不出血，使病人樂於接受，而可以使檢查之對象擴大，容易達成早期診斷之結果，進而達成早期治療，提高治癒率之目的。
• 英文摘要： There are two reasons why early diagnosisis so difficult for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.First, it is not easy to examine the nasopharynx.Second, it is difficult to take biopsy from thenasopharynx. The new device, flexible nasopharyngoscope,can be inserted into the nasopharynx easily vianasal cavity, even in children or in adult withstrong gag reflex, trismus or general weakness,to detect a small early tumor. The attachedcamera can take photograph for accurate record,facilitating further study, later comparison, andteaching. Histopathological examination is necessaryfor the diagnosis of malignancies. Biopsy fromthe nasopharynx is difficult not only the locationis difficult to visualize, but also for the tumoris usually small. In the present study, the newly devicednasopharyngeal brush was used to scratch thetumor cells for cytological examination. Whencompared with the result of biopsy, there waspositive rate of 82.1% for one cytological studyand about 92.2% for two cytological examina-tions. This procedure is simple, painless, and al-most bloodless, while with high accuracy. Hencethe patients will be ready to accept this processof examination. As a result, high cure ratecould be attained through early diagnosis andearly treatment.
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